Jinshajiang Bridge Jin'an

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Jinshajiang Bridge Jin'an
金安金沙江特大桥
Jin'an, Yunnan, China
1,512 feet high / 461 meters high
4,547 foot span / 1,386 meter span
2020

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The upper reaches of China’s famous Yangtze River are known as the Jinshajiang and flow for more then 2,200 kilometers from their source high in the mountains of Qinghai and Tibet. As the third longest river in the world, the 6,300 long kilometer Yangtze has become the most important waterway in China economically and culturally with one third of the country’s population living within its drainage basin.

The 1957 opening of the great road and railway bridge in Wuhan marked the beginning of large-scale bridge construction across the Yangtze River. The growth of cities along the Yangtze really began to kick into high gear in the 1990s causing an infrastructure boom that necessitated the construction of dozens of long span bridges that have broken numerous records for span length in all the major bridge categories including beam, arch and cable stayed.

But if all of these great Yangtze crossings were celebrated for their ability to span long distances, few of these bridges were known for their height with only a few spans surpassing the 200 meter height barrier due to the deep waters along the lower end of the 3 Gorges reservoir.

In 2020 that will all change when the Jinshajiang Bridge Jin'an opens along the west end of the Huali expressway connecting Panzhihua to the tourist city of Lijiang. With a height of 461 meters this high level crossing will not only become the highest bridge to ever cross Asia’s largest river but will also become the longest span high level bridge in the world with a tower to tower distance of 1,386 meters or 4,547 feet. This will also become the first high level bridge in China to surpass any bridge span in the Americas including the Verrazano and Golden Gate Bridges. Upon its completion the Jin'an Bridge will rank among the top 15 longest suspension bridge spans in the world.

The Jin'an crossing will be partially hidden beneath the deep waters of the reservoir that formed behind the Jin'an Dam. The bridge deck will have a clear drop of 335 meters when the reservoir is full and 461 meters to the now hidden level of the original Jinsha River surface.

The basic design of Jinshajiang Jin'an is very similar to the previous jumbo-sized truss stiffened spans over the Qingshui and Baling Rivers in Guizhou with towers 230 and 192 meters tall supporting a deep, 27 meter wide steel truss. Jin'an's road deck span configuration will be 6x41m +1386m +41m with the two side cable spans measuring 320 and 205 meters. Each tower will use 16 pile foundations 2.8 meters diameter and as deep as 43 meters.

The Huali expressway will begin a long rise west out of the Jinsha River gorge from a bridge deck elevation of 1,760 meters towards Lijiang city's elevation of 2,400 meters, gaining elevation largely by punching in and out of several long tunnels. Lijiang is one of the most popular tourist cities in Yunnan Province as well as a gateway to both the Tiger Leaping Gorge and Shangri-La scenic spots. A previous plan for the Huali expressway would have taken travelers across an even higher bridge about 20 kilometers to the south near the village of Taku. If you would like to see more about this scrapped bridge design then click on the following link. Jinshajiang Bridge Taku

China began this extraordinary output of spectacularly high, long span suspension bridges in 2009 with the opening of the Siduhe, Balinghe and Beipanjiang Hukun Bridges. That was followed by the Aizhai Bridge, Lishuihe Bridge, Longjiang Bridge and Qingshuihe Bridge. This trend will continue beyond 2020 with the opening of the Dahe, Daduhe Xingkang and Chishuihe Chajiaotan Bridges.


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Jinshajiang Bridge Jin'an Elevation


长江的上游被称为金沙江,源自青藏高原,长达2200公里。长江全长6300公里,是世界第三长的河流,也是中国最重要的经济中心及文化中心之一,长江流域生活着中国1/3的人口。

1957年建成的武汉长江大桥开启了修建跨江桥梁的时代。随着城市人口的增长,1990年代后长江上兴起了建大桥的热潮,先后修建数十座大跨度长江大桥,打破了最大跨度梁桥、拱桥和斜拉桥的世界纪录。

不过长江大桥一般仅以其跨度出名,很少有桥面高度超过200米的长江大桥,仅有的几座都在三峡水库中,因为三峡水库淹没了原有江面,必须用距离原有江面很高的大桥跨越水库。

到2021年,这些都会改变。当461米高的华丽高速公路(连接攀枝花到丽江,国高网编号G4216)金安金沙江大桥建成后,将成为长江这条亚洲第一大河干流上的最高桥,同时也是世界跨度最大的高桥——桥塔之间的距离达1386米(4547英尺)。这座桥也将成为第一座跨度超过美国任何悬索桥的高桥,包括维拉扎诺大桥和金门大桥。金安金沙江大桥建成后的跨度也能排进世界前15名。

金安金沙江大桥的高度将部分被下游不远的金安桥水电站淹没。当水库处于满水位时,桥面距离水库水面大约高342米,距离修建水电站前的金沙江原始水位高461米。

金安金沙江大桥的设计和此前跨越山谷的中国大型悬索桥类似,如坝陵河大桥、清水河大桥等,都使用钢桁加劲梁。桥塔高192米,桥面宽27米。金安大桥的跨径为6x41m +1386m +41m,两边跨分别为320米和205米。

从金沙江西岸开始,华丽高速将用很长的连续上坡,从海拔1760米的金沙江大桥桥面爬升到海拔约2400米的丽江市。这段连续上坡大部分在隧道里。丽江是中国最著名的旅游城市之一,也是出入虎跳峡和香格里拉风景区的大门。华丽高速公路金沙江大桥的原设计方案是一座桥面更高的大桥,在现有桥位下游约20公里处的塔库村过江。如果你想看这个原设计方案,可以点击链接:Jinshajiang Bridge Taku

中国开始建设这类非凡的宏伟壮丽超级高桥始于2009年,当年建成了四渡河、坝陵河与沪昆高速北盘江大桥。接下来又陆续修建了矮寨大桥、澧水大桥、龙江大桥和清水河大桥。这种趋势将延续到2020年代,以后几年将会有大渡河兴康大桥、六盘水大河特大桥、赤水河岔角滩大桥和本桥陆续开通,跨度都在1100米以上。


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The first pilot line is dragged across the reservoir.


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East tower construction view in 2017.


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Jin'an Dam.


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The Jin'an Dam created a lake approximately 120 meters deep at the bridge crossing.


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Jinshajiang Bridge Jin'an East side construction access roads.


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View of the Jinshajiang River just south of the Jin'an Dam.


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Jinshajiang Bridge Jin'an satellite image. The left half of the image shows the original Jinsha River level when the dam was still under construction while the right half of the image shows the canyon after the deep lake has formed behind the completed dam.


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Jinshajiang Bridge Jin'an location map.