Jinshajiang Bridge Taku

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Jinshajiang Bridge Taku
金沙江丽江大桥
Lijiang, Yunnan, China
1,680 feet high / 512 meters high
3,904 foot span / 1,190 meter span
2021

JinshajiangTaku.jpg


THIS CROSSING WAS CANCELLED AFTER THE ROUTE WAS MOVED FURTHER NORTH AND BECAME THE JINSHAJIANG BRIDGE JIN'AN. The upper reaches of China’s famous Yangtze River are known as the Jinshajiang and flow for more then 2,200 kilometers from their source high in the mountains of Qinghai and Tibet. As the third longest river in the world, the 6,300 long kilometer Yangtze has become the most important waterway in China economically and culturally with one third of the country’s population living within its drainage basin.

The 1957 opening of the great road and railway bridge in Wuhan marked the beginning of large-scale bridge construction across the Yangtze River. The growth of cities along the Yangtze really began to kick into high gear in the 1990s causing an infrastructure boom that necessitated the construction of dozens of long span bridges that have broken numerous records for span length in all the major bridge categories including beam, arch and cable stayed.

But if all of these great Yangtze crossings were celebrated for their ability to span long distances, few of these bridges were known for their height with only a few spans surpassing the 200 meter height barrier due to the deep waters along the lower end of the 3 Gorges reservoir.

In 2020 that will all change when the Jinshajiang Bridge Taku opens along the west end of the Huali expressway connecting Panzhihua to the tourist city of Lijiang. With a height of 512 meters this high level crossing will not only become the highest bridge to ever cross Asia’s largest river but will surpass the height of any other suspension bridge in the world and the first super-high bridge to cross a major river. With so many stretches of the Jinshajiang under deep reservoirs, we can also be thankful the location at Taku is under the fairly shallow north end of the Longkaikau Dam reservoir where there will still be a clear drop of 480 meters to the water surface when the lake is full and as high as 512 meters during periods of drawdown.

This unprecedented height will be accentuated by a breathtaking central span of 1190 meters that will rank as the second longest among all the world’s high level bridges and just 6 meters shy of number one ranking Longjiang Bridge, also located in Yunnan Province.

The basic design of Jinshajiang Taku is very similar to the previous jumbo-sized truss stiffened spans over the Qingshui and Baling Rivers in Guizhou with 200 meter towers supporting a deep, 28 meter wide steel truss. Taku’s truss will be divided into 110 segments of 10.8 meters with approach spans of 2x40 meters on the east side and 6x40 meters on the west side.

The Huali expressway will begin a long rise west out of the Jinsha River gorge from a bridge deck elevation of 1778 meters towards Lijiang’s elevation of 2400 meters, gaining elevation by crossing over itself on a rarely seen 270-degree tunnel loop. Lijiang is one of the most popular tourist cities in Yunnan Province as well as a gateway to both the Tiger Leaping Gorge and Shangri-La scenic spots.

China began this extraordinary output of spectacularly high, long span suspension bridges in 2009 with the opening of the Siduhe, Balinghe and Beipanjiang Hukun Bridges. That was followed by the Aizhai Bridge, Lishuihe Bridge, Longjiang Bridge, Puli Bridge, Dimuhe Bridge, Qingshuihe Bridge and Daduhe Luding Bridge. This trend will continue beyond 2020 with the possibility of spans even longer and higher then the great Jinshajiang Bridge at Taku.


JinshaElevation.jpg

Jinshajiang Bridge Taku Elevation


中国著名的河流长江,其上游名为金沙江,长度2200多公里,发源于青海和西藏。作为经济上和文化上最重要的河流,6300公里长的长江是中国最大通航水道,长江流域养育着1/3的中国人口。

伟大的武汉长江公铁两用桥建于1957年,标志着大型桥梁跨越长江的开始。从上世纪90年代开始,沿江城市的日趋繁荣推动着长江建桥热的不断升温,数十座各类长江大桥开始兴建,打破了斜拉桥、拱桥和梁桥主跨的世界纪录。

但几乎所有这些桥梁都是以其长度著称,极少有很高的桥梁出现在长江上。这是因为长江三峡以下河段深且宽,无需建造高桥。

到2020年,有一座桥将会改变一切:连接攀枝花和旅游城市丽江的华丽高速公路上的塔库大桥。其512米的高度将不仅是长江这条亚洲最大河流上的最高桥梁,而且是世界最高的悬索桥,并且也是世界最高的跨越大江大河的桥梁。金沙江上有许多高桥大半淹没在水库中,幸运的是这座塔库金沙江大桥下只有不算深的水库湖泊:它位于龙开口水库末端,桥位处水位抬高不多,水库水面上仍有480余米高,距离原始金沙江水面达512米。拥有惊人的高度的同时,此桥主跨也达到1190米,是世界山地桥梁主跨中第二名,仅比第一名龙江特大桥短6米,第一名也位于云南省。

塔库金沙江大桥的设计和以往贵州的巨型山地桥梁如清水河大桥、坝陵河大桥等非常类似,200米高的桥塔,28米宽的桁架钢梁。塔库大桥的桁架梁分为110段,每段10.8米。东段引桥2*40米,西段引桥4*40米。

华丽高速公路西段丛丽江古城出发,海拔2400米,到金沙江大桥处下降为海拔1778米,为克服这一巨大落差,将修建一个270度展线拐弯。丽江是云南最有名的旅游城市之一,也是通往虎跳峡和香格里拉风景区的门户。

中国开始修建这批令人目瞪口呆的超高、超长悬索桥始于2009年。该年四渡河大桥、坝陵河大桥、沪昆高速北盘江大桥通车。紧接着是矮寨大桥,澧水大桥,龙江大桥,普立大桥,抵母河大桥,清水河大桥,泸定大渡河大桥。这一趋势将持续到2020年以后,那时将有比塔库金沙江大桥更高更长的大桥兴建。Mike Novak Bridge


JinshajiangTopoWide1270-1782.jpg

Map of the Huali Expressway showing the large 270 degree loop on the west side of the Jinshajiang River Bridge crossing at Taku. 华丽高速公路地图显示塔库金沙江大桥西岸巨大的270度螺旋展线。


JinshaCrossingSatelliteWide.jpg

Satellite map of the Huali expressway.


JinshaTopo.jpg

Approximate location of the towers on the steep slopes of the Jinsha River canyon. 陡峭金沙江峡谷中桥塔的大致方位


JinshajaingCloseSatellite.jpg


JinshajiangRiverView.jpg

View of the Jinshajiang River several kilometers north of the Taku bridge crossing site. 从几公里外北面看塔库金沙江大桥位置。


TakuLocationMap.jpg

Jinshajiang Bridge Taku location map.