Difference between revisions of "San Marcos Bridge"

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<div style="font-size: 25px; text-align: center;">
 
<div style="font-size: 25px; text-align: center;">
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Bicentenario Bridge / Baluarte Bridge<br />
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San Marcos Bridge<br />
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Puente Bicentenario / Puente Baluarte<br />
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Puente San Marcos<br />
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El Palmito, Sinaloa, Mexico<br />
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Xicotepec de Juárez, Puebla, Mexico<br />
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1,280 feet high / 390 meters high<br />
+
722 feet high / 220 meters high<br />
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1,706 foot span / 520 meter span<br />
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591 foot span / 180 meter span<br />
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2012<br />
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2013<br />
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[[File:BaluarteBlendPlateFinal1850.jpg|1000px|center]]
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[[File:SanMarcByJoseM.Saa.jpg|750px|center]]  
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
  
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When it opens in 2012, the Bicentenario bridge over the Baluarte river will not only be the highest bridge in North America but the highest cable stayed bridge in the world.  It is the crown jewel of the greatest bridge and tunnel highway project ever undertaken in North America.  Known as the Durango-Mazatlán highway, it will be the only crossing for more than 500 miles (800 km) between the pacific coast and the interior of Mexico.  The path of this new highway roughly parallels the famous “Devil’s Backbone”, a narrow road that earned its nickname from the way it follows the precarious ridge crest of the jagged peaks of the Sierra Madre Occidental mountains.  The dangerous road is a seemingly endless onslaught of twisting, terrifying turns that are so tight there are times the road nearly spirals back into itself.
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Completed in 2013, the soaring San Marcos bridge is the largest and tallest bridge on the final Nuevo Necaxa-Tihuatlán section of the México-Tuxpan highway now under construction.  Extending from Mexico City to the Gulf of Mexico, the first and last thirds of the 182 mile (293 km) highway were finished in 2005.  The difficulty in completing the highway lied in the central Nuevo Necaxa–Ávila Camacho section that runs for 23 miles (37 kms) along the mountainous San Marcos River gorge.  To push the modern carretera through the steep terrain, the engineers had to construct 6 tunnels and several high bridges.  Three of these spans exceed 100 meters in height including Xicotepec, San Marcos and Texcapa Bridge, which was completed in 2005.   
 +
 
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Curving 722 feet (220 meters) above the San Marcos River, the giant prestressed concrete beam viaduct has the second highest bridge pier in the world after the Millau Viaduct in France.  Rising 682 feet (208 meters) from the top of the foundation to the underside of the beam, pier number 4 is 100 feet (30 meters) higher than those on either the Longtanhe, Akaishi or Kochertal viaducts in China and Germany.
  
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By cutting a safer, more direct route through the mountains, the highway department of Mexico hopes to improve trade and increase tourism between the city of Durango and the coastal city of Mazatlán.  To achieve this connection, the Mexican engineers were forced to design an autopista with no less than 64 tunnels - nearly 10 times more than have ever been built on any road in North America.  For big bridge fans, the highway is no less amazing with a parade of towering concrete beam bridges.  Including Baluarte, there will be 8 bridges that exceed 300 feet (90 mtrs) in height including Santa Lucia, Neverías, La Pinta, Chico, Botijas, Pueblo Nuevo and El Carrizo.  Only China’s West Hurongxi and Italy’s A3 highways have a greater collection of high bridges.
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Interestingly, the original design for the San Marcos River crossing was for a fin back bridge.  A prestressed beam bridge with a highly variable depth of prestressing, the fin back is unique for having the internal cables at their highest as they pass over the piers, enclosed in a wall or “fin” of concrete.  The hump-like profile may look similar to a cable stayed or extradosed bridge but the engineering has more in common with a beam bridge.  Many consider the lower profile to be more attractive than a conventional prestressed beam bridge.  Mexico has two other large fin back bridges including the Texcapa bridge which is also located on the México-Tuxpan highway and the Papagayo bridge located on the México City-Acapulco highway.   
 
 
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Forming the border between Sinaloa and Durango states, the Baluarte river is the most formidable obstacle on the route with a gorge more than a quarter mile in height.  To cross it, the Mexican engineers decided to go with a cable stayed bridge. It would allow the construction to proceed outward from a single tower on either side of the canyon, avoiding the difficult and expensive construction of temporary false work. Once completed, the final height of 1,280 feet (390 mtrs) will make it the second highest roadway bridge on earth.  It will also have the longest span of any cable stayed bridge in North America at 1,706 feet (520 mtrs), exceeding the John James Audubon bridge in St. Francisville, Louisiana by 123 feet (37 mtrs).
+
The first fin back bridge was built in Nuremberg, Germany for a commuter railway in 1969.  In the U.S., the only one is the 1987-built Barton Creek bridge near Austin, Texas with a main span of 340 feet (103.5 mtrs).      
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When it is completed, the Baluarte crossing will be more than just a preeminent bridge but a signal to its bigger neighbor to the North that Mexico can design and build bridges with the same skill and perfection as the best of them.  As a stretch of North American pavement without parallel, the Durango-Mazatlán highway will become a proud, prominent symbol of Mexico’s civil engineering skills for decades to come.
 
  
 
<div style="text-align: center; font-size: 25px;">
 
<div style="text-align: center; font-size: 25px;">
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[[File:BaluarteFinalElevWTowerSpacesjpg.jpg|1000px|center]]<br />
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[[File:SanMarcosElevFinal.jpg|900px|center]]<br />
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Bicentenario / Baluarte Bridge Elevation<br />
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San Marcos Bridge Elevation<br />
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</div>
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[[File:SanMarcosViaduct.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosBridge.jpg|450px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosFelipeCalderon.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by SCT.
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<div style="font-size: 25px; text-align: center;">
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The Tallest Bridges of Mexico and the Torre Mayor Skyscraper<br />
 
</div>
 
</div>
  
  
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[[File:2Baluarte.JPG|1000px|center]]
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[[File:MezcalaTowerComparisonFinal.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Tradeco
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Diagram by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosSecreteria.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by SCT.
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[[File:SanMarcosPierSCT.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by SCT.
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[[File:SanMarcosPierConstructionSchedule.jpg|450px|center]]
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Construction schedule of the world's second tallest pier on the San Marcos Bridge.
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[[File:SanMarcosHighestPierBase.jpg|450px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosPierBaseFamilia.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosVicenteGayosso.jpg|450px|center]]
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Image by Vicente Gayosso.
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[[File:10TallestBridges.jpg|1000px|center]]   
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[[File:10HighestPiers.jpg|1000px|center]]
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[[File:10HighestBridges.jpg|1000px|center]] 
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[[File:SanMarcosPier4Base.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by SCT.
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[[File:SanMarcosPier4Base2.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by SCT.
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[[File:SanMarcosPier4Base3.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by SCT.
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[[File:SanMarcosPier4Base4.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by SCT.
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[[File:SanMarcosLiftTrack.jpg|450px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosPierElevator2.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosExcavation.jpg|750px|center]]
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Slope excavation process for one of the piers on San Marcos Bridge.  Image by SCT.
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[[File:SanMarcosApproachPier.jpg|450px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosPier&Elevator.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosDeckCross.jpg|750px|center]]
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San Marcos Bridge deck cross section.
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[[File:SanMarcosBeamGap.jpg|450px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosDeckCurve.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosPier&Cliff2.jpg|450px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosLowerPierLonglens.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosLonglens3.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:San Marcos niebla.jpg|750px|center]]
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[[File:SanMarcosUpperHalf.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosPierView2.jpg|450px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosSideView.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosSlopeSupport.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosSouthApproach.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosSouthEnd.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosTendon.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosTraveler.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosSuspension2.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosSuspension4.jpg|750px|center]]
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A Bailey type truss bridge with a clear span of approximately 60 meters / 200 feet was built to aid in the construction of the giant highway bridge.  A parallel suspension footbridge also crosses the San Marcos River.  Both bridges have a tower to tower distance of approximately 70 meters / 230 feet.  Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosSuspensionBridges.jpg|750px|center]]
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The Bailey truss is assisted by cable stays though it was interesting to see the cables terminate at the top of the south tower.  On the north tower the cables terminate into a ground anchorage.  Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosSuspensionCables.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosSuspensionDeck2.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosSuspensionFootbridge.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosSuspensionTruss.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosBridges.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcos&GrupoTriadaTruck.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosLongSuspensionFootbridge.jpg|750px|center]]
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Another long footbridge across the San Marcos River about 1 kilometer downstream of the highway crossing.  With a main span of at least 110 meters / 360 feet, this would rank among the 25 longest footbridges in North America.  Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosFar&Wide.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:LaArdilla&SanMarcos.jpg|750px|center]]
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Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com
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[[File:SanMarcosSatellite.jpg|750px|center]]
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San Marcos Bridge satellite image.
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[[File:SanMarcosSatelliteClose.jpg|750px|center]]
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[[File:SanMarcosSatelliteWide.jpg|750px|center]]
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[[File:SanMarcosLocationMap.jpg|750px|center]]
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San Marcos Bridge location map.
  
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[[File:3BaluarteBridge.JPG|1000px|center]]
 
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Image by Tradeco
 
  
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[[File:TexcapaLocationMapWide.jpg|750px|center]]
  
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[[File:4BaluarteBridge.JPG|1000px|center]]
 
  
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[[File:TuxpanBridgesMap.jpg|750px|center]]
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Map of Tuxpan highway bridges between kilometers 839 - 873.
  
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[[File:5Baluarte9,10,11,12.jpg|1000px|center]]
 
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Construction view of piers 9,10,11 and 12.
 
  
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[[File:TuxpanTunnelMap.jpg|750px|center]]
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Map of Tuxpan highway tunnels between kilometers 839 - 873.
  
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[[File:6BaluarteBridge.jpg|1000px|center]]
 
  
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[[File:SanMarcosHighwayMap.jpg|630px|center]]
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A map of the most difficult stretch of highway between Nuevo Necaxa and Ávila Camacho.
  
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[[File:7BaluarteBridge.jpg|1000px|center]]
 
  
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[[File:SanMarcosHighwayMap2.jpg|750px|center]]
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When completed, the México-Tuxpan highway will connect Mexico City with the Gulf of Mexico 182 miles (293 kms) away.
  
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[[File:8BaluarteBridge.jpg|1000px|center]]
 
  
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[[File:SanMarcosCarreteraMap.jpg|630px|center]]
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The new carretera will open up new trade routes to the interior of the country as well as Mexico City.
  
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[[File:9PuenteBaluarte.jpg|650px|center]]
 
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Image by Tradeco
 
  
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[[File:SanMarcosTopoAccess.jpg|550px|center]]
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San Marcos Bridge access roads topographic map.
  
 
[[Category:Bridges in Mexico]]
 
[[Category:Bridges in Mexico]]
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[[Category:Bridges in Sinaloa, Mexico]]
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[[Category:Bridges in Puebla, Mexico]]
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[[Category:Top 10 Highest Bridges]]
 
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<div style="text-align: center; border: 1px LightSkyBlue; background: LightSkyBlue; margin: 5px;">
 
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This entry has 2 pages: [[Bicentenario / Baluarte Bridge|1]] | [[Bicentenario / Baluarte Bridge/Page 2|2]]</div>
 

Latest revision as of 21:11, 21 February 2022

San Marcos Bridge
Puente San Marcos
Xicotepec de Juárez, Puebla, Mexico
722 feet high / 220 meters high
591 foot span / 180 meter span
2013

SanMarcByJoseM.Saa.jpg


Completed in 2013, the soaring San Marcos bridge is the largest and tallest bridge on the final Nuevo Necaxa-Tihuatlán section of the México-Tuxpan highway now under construction. Extending from Mexico City to the Gulf of Mexico, the first and last thirds of the 182 mile (293 km) highway were finished in 2005. The difficulty in completing the highway lied in the central Nuevo Necaxa–Ávila Camacho section that runs for 23 miles (37 kms) along the mountainous San Marcos River gorge. To push the modern carretera through the steep terrain, the engineers had to construct 6 tunnels and several high bridges. Three of these spans exceed 100 meters in height including Xicotepec, San Marcos and Texcapa Bridge, which was completed in 2005.

Curving 722 feet (220 meters) above the San Marcos River, the giant prestressed concrete beam viaduct has the second highest bridge pier in the world after the Millau Viaduct in France. Rising 682 feet (208 meters) from the top of the foundation to the underside of the beam, pier number 4 is 100 feet (30 meters) higher than those on either the Longtanhe, Akaishi or Kochertal viaducts in China and Germany.

Interestingly, the original design for the San Marcos River crossing was for a fin back bridge. A prestressed beam bridge with a highly variable depth of prestressing, the fin back is unique for having the internal cables at their highest as they pass over the piers, enclosed in a wall or “fin” of concrete. The hump-like profile may look similar to a cable stayed or extradosed bridge but the engineering has more in common with a beam bridge. Many consider the lower profile to be more attractive than a conventional prestressed beam bridge. Mexico has two other large fin back bridges including the Texcapa bridge which is also located on the México-Tuxpan highway and the Papagayo bridge located on the México City-Acapulco highway.

The first fin back bridge was built in Nuremberg, Germany for a commuter railway in 1969. In the U.S., the only one is the 1987-built Barton Creek bridge near Austin, Texas with a main span of 340 feet (103.5 mtrs).

SanMarcosElevFinal.jpg

San Marcos Bridge Elevation


SanMarcosViaduct.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosBridge.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosFelipeCalderon.jpg

Image by SCT.


The Tallest Bridges of Mexico and the Torre Mayor Skyscraper


MezcalaTowerComparisonFinal.jpg

Diagram by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosSecreteria.jpg

Image by SCT.


SanMarcosPierSCT.jpg

Image by SCT.


SanMarcosPierConstructionSchedule.jpg

Construction schedule of the world's second tallest pier on the San Marcos Bridge.


SanMarcosHighestPierBase.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosPierBaseFamilia.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosVicenteGayosso.jpg

Image by Vicente Gayosso.


10TallestBridges.jpg


10HighestPiers.jpg


1000px


SanMarcosPier4Base.jpg

Image by SCT.


SanMarcosPier4Base2.jpg

Image by SCT.


SanMarcosPier4Base3.jpg

Image by SCT.


SanMarcosPier4Base4.jpg

Image by SCT.


SanMarcosLiftTrack.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosPierElevator2.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosExcavation.jpg

Slope excavation process for one of the piers on San Marcos Bridge. Image by SCT.


SanMarcosApproachPier.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosPier&Elevator.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosDeckCross.jpg

San Marcos Bridge deck cross section.


SanMarcosBeamGap.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosDeckCurve.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosPier&Cliff2.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosLowerPierLonglens.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosLonglens3.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


San Marcos niebla.jpg


SanMarcosUpperHalf.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosPierView2.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosSideView.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosSlopeSupport.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosSouthApproach.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosSouthEnd.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosTendon.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosTraveler.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosSuspension2.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosSuspension4.jpg

A Bailey type truss bridge with a clear span of approximately 60 meters / 200 feet was built to aid in the construction of the giant highway bridge. A parallel suspension footbridge also crosses the San Marcos River. Both bridges have a tower to tower distance of approximately 70 meters / 230 feet. Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosSuspensionBridges.jpg

The Bailey truss is assisted by cable stays though it was interesting to see the cables terminate at the top of the south tower. On the north tower the cables terminate into a ground anchorage. Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosSuspensionCables.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosSuspensionDeck2.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosSuspensionFootbridge.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosSuspensionTruss.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosBridges.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcos&GrupoTriadaTruck.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosLongSuspensionFootbridge.jpg

Another long footbridge across the San Marcos River about 1 kilometer downstream of the highway crossing. With a main span of at least 110 meters / 360 feet, this would rank among the 25 longest footbridges in North America. Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosFar&Wide.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


LaArdilla&SanMarcos.jpg

Image by Eric Sakowski / HighestBridges.com


SanMarcosSatellite.jpg

San Marcos Bridge satellite image.


SanMarcosSatelliteClose.jpg


SanMarcosSatelliteWide.jpg


SanMarcosLocationMap.jpg

San Marcos Bridge location map.


TexcapaLocationMapWide.jpg


TuxpanBridgesMap.jpg

Map of Tuxpan highway bridges between kilometers 839 - 873.


TuxpanTunnelMap.jpg

Map of Tuxpan highway tunnels between kilometers 839 - 873.


SanMarcosHighwayMap.jpg

A map of the most difficult stretch of highway between Nuevo Necaxa and Ávila Camacho.


SanMarcosHighwayMap2.jpg

When completed, the México-Tuxpan highway will connect Mexico City with the Gulf of Mexico 182 miles (293 kms) away.


SanMarcosCarreteraMap.jpg

The new carretera will open up new trade routes to the interior of the country as well as Mexico City.


SanMarcosTopoAccess.jpg

San Marcos Bridge access roads topographic map.

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